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<blockquote data-quote="telistomas" data-source="post: 937336" data-attributes="member: 90268"><p>Materials and Methods </p><p>We received four transceivers from Mammut (Pulse) and Pieps (DSP). Mountain Equipment </p><p>Coop loaned us four Tracker DTS. Ortovox sent us four d3's and four S1's. We borrowed four </p><p>Ortovox F1 transceivers from the Canadian Ski Patrol System, Greater Vancouver Zone. We also </p><p>borrowed the Ortovox remote-controlled test system (five transmitters which can be remotely </p><p>turned on and off) from Mike Wiegele Heli Ski Resort at Blue River, BC. </p><p>The first session took place at Mike Wiegele's Resort in Blue River, using the heli-ski guides as </p><p>knowledgeable testers. These guides and their clients use the Ortovox F1. We created a simulated </p><p>avalanche 30 x 50 metres in size and buried the transmitters across the run-out area. The</p><p>transceiver manufacturers' instructions for use of each transceiver were given to each tester prior </p><p>to using each transceiver. We randomly turned on two of the five Ortovox transmitters then let </p><p>each tester (guide) enter at the top end of the “avalanche" to start a search grid until a signal </p><p>was received, at which time they were to follow the instructions from the applicable transceiver </p><p>manufacture. The time was measured from the entry until finding the second transmitter. Two </p><p>different test transmitters were switched on for every test. The results are shown in Appendix 1. </p><p>The second session took place at Hemlock Resort just east of Mission, BC. We created a </p><p>simulated avalanche 30 x 50 metres in size and buried the five Ortovox test transmitters across the </p><p>run-out area at the base of the “avalanche." The 15 students were divided into three groups and </p><p>each group had a different sequence of transceivers to test (to remove a learning effect whereby </p><p>the use of first transceivers could lead to improved times with the later transceivers). Using the </p><p>transceiver manufactures instructions, the groups were given a 30-minute instruction course with </p><p>practice prior to the testing of each transceiver. Two of the five test transmitters were switched on </p><p>and each novice tester was started at the top of the “avalanche," where a normal search pattern </p><p>was followed until a signal was received, at which time the instructions from the applicable </p><p>transceiver were followed. The time was measured from “avalanche" entry to marking of the </p><p>second transmitter. Two different test transmitters were switched on for every test. A time limit of </p><p>seven minutes was set to find the second transmitter. If this was not achieved the test was </p><p>declared as “not found." The results are shown in Appendix 2. </p><p>Results </p><p>In the hands of a knowledgeable user there was only a small difference in search times between </p><p>the two-antenna and the newer three-antenna transceivers. The fastest was the Ortovox d3 (avg 1 </p><p>minute 13 sec), then the Tracker (1minute 35 sec), the Pieps (1 minute 36 sec), the Ortovox S1 (1 </p><p>minute 38 sec) and the Mammut (1 minute 47 sec). The slowest was the Ortovox F1 (at a still </p><p>respectable 1 minute 56 sec). The standard deviation (STDEV) shows how much variation there </p><p>was in the times and a low number suggests a more consistent ease of use, ranging from the </p><p>Ortovox S1 at :23, Ortovox d3 at :31, Tracker at :32, Pieps at :36, Mammut at :47, and the </p><p>Ortovox F1 at 1:07. In the hands of an expert user there appears to be little difference in the </p><p>results using the multi-antenna transceivers and all are faster than the F1 which is nearing two </p><p>decades of use. </p><p>6 Time Is Life Video from the International Commission of Alpine Rescue (www.IKAR-CISA.org) </p><p>7 Canadian Avalanche Centre (www.avalanche.ca)</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="telistomas, post: 937336, member: 90268"] Materials and Methods We received four transceivers from Mammut (Pulse) and Pieps (DSP). Mountain Equipment Coop loaned us four Tracker DTS. Ortovox sent us four d3's and four S1's. We borrowed four Ortovox F1 transceivers from the Canadian Ski Patrol System, Greater Vancouver Zone. We also borrowed the Ortovox remote-controlled test system (five transmitters which can be remotely turned on and off) from Mike Wiegele Heli Ski Resort at Blue River, BC. The first session took place at Mike Wiegele's Resort in Blue River, using the heli-ski guides as knowledgeable testers. These guides and their clients use the Ortovox F1. We created a simulated avalanche 30 x 50 metres in size and buried the transmitters across the run-out area. The transceiver manufacturers' instructions for use of each transceiver were given to each tester prior to using each transceiver. We randomly turned on two of the five Ortovox transmitters then let each tester (guide) enter at the top end of the “avalanche" to start a search grid until a signal was received, at which time they were to follow the instructions from the applicable transceiver manufacture. The time was measured from the entry until finding the second transmitter. Two different test transmitters were switched on for every test. The results are shown in Appendix 1. The second session took place at Hemlock Resort just east of Mission, BC. We created a simulated avalanche 30 x 50 metres in size and buried the five Ortovox test transmitters across the run-out area at the base of the “avalanche." The 15 students were divided into three groups and each group had a different sequence of transceivers to test (to remove a learning effect whereby the use of first transceivers could lead to improved times with the later transceivers). Using the transceiver manufactures instructions, the groups were given a 30-minute instruction course with practice prior to the testing of each transceiver. Two of the five test transmitters were switched on and each novice tester was started at the top of the “avalanche," where a normal search pattern was followed until a signal was received, at which time the instructions from the applicable transceiver were followed. The time was measured from “avalanche" entry to marking of the second transmitter. Two different test transmitters were switched on for every test. A time limit of seven minutes was set to find the second transmitter. If this was not achieved the test was declared as “not found." The results are shown in Appendix 2. Results In the hands of a knowledgeable user there was only a small difference in search times between the two-antenna and the newer three-antenna transceivers. The fastest was the Ortovox d3 (avg 1 minute 13 sec), then the Tracker (1minute 35 sec), the Pieps (1 minute 36 sec), the Ortovox S1 (1 minute 38 sec) and the Mammut (1 minute 47 sec). The slowest was the Ortovox F1 (at a still respectable 1 minute 56 sec). The standard deviation (STDEV) shows how much variation there was in the times and a low number suggests a more consistent ease of use, ranging from the Ortovox S1 at :23, Ortovox d3 at :31, Tracker at :32, Pieps at :36, Mammut at :47, and the Ortovox F1 at 1:07. In the hands of an expert user there appears to be little difference in the results using the multi-antenna transceivers and all are faster than the F1 which is nearing two decades of use. 6 Time Is Life Video from the International Commission of Alpine Rescue (www.IKAR-CISA.org) 7 Canadian Avalanche Centre (www.avalanche.ca) [/QUOTE]
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